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  • Table of Contents
  • Preface
  • Endorsements
  • Part I: Scientific Case for Creation
    • Life Sciences
    • Astronomical and Physical Sciences
    • Earth Sciences
    • References and Notes
  • Part II: Fountains of the Great Deep
    • The Hydroplate Theory: An Overview
    • The Origin of Ocean Trenches, Earthquakes, and the Ring of Fire
    • Liquefaction: The Origin of Strata and Layered Fossils
    • The Origin of the Grand Canyon
    • The Origin of Limestone
    • Frozen Mammoths
    • The Origin of Comets
    • The Origin of Asteroids, Meteoroids,and Trans-Neptunian Objects
    • The Origin of Earth's Radioactivity
  • Part III: Frequently Asked Questions
  • Technical Notes
  • Index

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Below is the online edition of In the Beginning: Compelling Evidence for Creation and the Flood, by Dr. Walt Brown. Copyright © Center for Scientific Creation. All rights reserved.

Click here to order the hardbound 8th edition (2008) and other materials.

[ Frequently Asked Questions > Why Is the Universe Expanding? > Summary ]

Summary

Robert Jastrow (1925–2008), a leading figure in NASA’s Apollo program to land men on the moon and the founding director of Goddard Institute for Space Studies, aptly summarized this topic.

Now we see how the astronomical evidence supports the biblical view of the origin of the world. The details differ, but the essential elements in the astronomical and biblical accounts of Genesis are the same: the chain of events leading to man commenced suddenly and sharply at a definite moment in time, in a flash of light and energy.67   

Table 27.  Origin of the Universe

 

 

Theories

 

Page

Stretching

Big Bang

Evidence  to  be  Explained

Produces Hubble’s Law

447

      YES

    NO

Temperatures Never Infinite

448

Image of Green Circle Image of Red Circle

Slowly Spinning Sun

447

Image of Green Circle Image of Red Circle

Star Formation

448

Image of Green Circle Image of Red Circle

Binary Stars

448

Image of Green Circle Image of Red Circle

Planet Formation

448

Image of Green Circle Image of Red Circle

Hot Jupiters

449

Image of Green Circle Image of Red Circle

Intergalactic Medium

449

Image of Green Circle Image of Red Circle

Two Very Close Black Holes

450

Image of Green Circle Image of Red Circle

Quasars and Light

451

Image of Green Circle Image of Red Circle

The Eddington Limit

451

Image of Green Circle Image of Red Circle

Galaxies and Stars

451

Image of Green Circle Image of Red Circle

Angular Momentum

451

Image of Green Circle Image of Red Circle

Colliding Galaxies

450

Image of Green Circle Image of Red Circle

Galaxies and Black Holes

450

Image of Green Circle Image of Red Circle

Central Stars

452

Image of Green Circle Image of Red Circle

Strings of Galaxies

452

Image of Green Circle Image of Red Circle

Dwarf Galaxies

452

Image of Green Circle Image of Red Circle

Distant Galaxies

453

Image of Green Circle Image of Red Circle

Starburst Galaxies

453

Image of Green Circle Image of Red Circle

Matter and Antimatter

453

Image of Green Circle Image of Red Circle

Helium-2 Nebulas

453

Image of Green Circle Image of Red Circle

Stellar Velocities

453

Image of Green Circle Image of Red Circle

Speeding Galaxies

454

Image of Green Circle Image of Red Circle

Spinning Galaxies

454

Image of Green Circle Image of Red Circle

The Flatness Problem

455

Image of Green Circle Image of Red Circle

The Cut-off Problem

455

Image of Green Circle Image of Red Circle

Dark Science

455

Image of Green Circle Image of Red Circle

MBH in Center of Galaxies

450

Image of Green Circle Image of Red Circle

Accelerating Expansion

455

Image of Green Circle Image of Red Circle

Cosmic Microwave Background

455

Image of Green Circle Image of Red Circle

Friedmann’s Equation

456

Image of Green Circle Image of Red Circle

Spiral Galaxies

454

Image of Green Circle Image of Red Circle

 

Key:

Image of Green Circle

Explained by theory.

 

Image of Yellow Circle

Theory has moderate problem with this item.

 

Image of Red Circle

Theory has serious problems with this item.

Jastrow, an agnostic and big bang believer, did not have the advantage we now have of seeing all 32 recent evidences (summarized in Table 27) that contrast the big bang vs. the stretching explanations. Nor is there any reason to believe that Jastrow ever considered the stretching explanation. He recognized that no known physical forces could produce a big bang and its inflation.

Astronomers now find they have painted themselves into a corner because they have proven, by their own methods, that the world began abruptly in an act of creation to which you can trace the seeds of every star, every planet, every living thing in this cosmos and on earth. And they have found that all this happened as a product of forces they cannot hope to discover. That there are what I or anyone would call supernatural forces at work is now, I think a scientifically proven fact.68

Robert Jastrow’s most quoted statement by far is still true today, except for three modifications I inserted in brackets:

For the [atheistic] scientist who has lived by his faith in the power of reason, the story ends like a bad dream. He [believes he] has scaled the mountains of ignorance; he is about to conquer the highest peak; as he pulls himself over the final rock, he is greeted by a band of theologians who have been sitting there for centuries [actually, a few thousand years].69

With both the big bang and stretching explanations, it is difficult to imagine time beginning, the sudden presence of matter and energy in a small universe, then a brief but enormous expansion of space when all the laws of physics did not operate. The big bang theory says that space and light expanded for less than 10-32 of a second (a billionth, billionth, billionth of a hundred thousandth of a second) from a mathematical point—trillions of billions of times faster than the speed of light today. The stretching explanation says that days after the creation of time and all matter, a smaller universe than we have today was rapidly stretched out, along with light waves in that space. Although no scientific explanation can be given for either form of expansion, the stretching interpretation best fits the observable evidence.

We also can appreciate why at least eleven Bible passages, involving five different writers, mention the “stretched out heavens.” Another verse, Psalm 19:1, takes on a new depth of meaning: “The heavens are telling of the glory of God, and their expanse is declaring the work of His hands.” Can any human mind take it all in?

Table 28. Erroneous Theories Forced into the Bible by Some

Erroneous Secular Theory

Salesman

Organizations or Books

The big bang theory explains Creation

Hugh Ross

Reasons to Believe

Plate tectonic theory explains the flood

 

John Baumgardner

Institute for Creation Research,

Answers in Genesis

Canopy theory explains the flood

Henry Morris, John Whitcomb

The Genesis Flood

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